{"id":94,"date":"2008-07-03T11:26:41","date_gmt":"2008-07-03T16:26:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/?page_id=94"},"modified":"2012-02-17T20:56:39","modified_gmt":"2012-02-18T02:56:39","slug":"present-stem","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/verbs\/present-stem\/","title":{"rendered":"Present Stem"},"content":{"rendered":"

Past and present stems of Persian verbs are different. Although in most instances it is almost impossible to easily guess the present stem<\/strong>, some verbs have similar present and past stems. The following can help in guessing and remembering some of the regularly predictable present stems<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

For most verbs ending in idan<\/em>, remove the idan<\/em> from the past stem, and then add[tag resources presentstem_01] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag] mi<\/em>to the beginning. For example, for the verb “to laugh,” change the infinitive[tag resources presentstem_02] \u062e\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 [\/tag] xandidan<\/em> to[tag resources presentstem_03] \u062e\u0646\u062f [\/tag] xand<\/em> and then add [tag resources presentstem_04] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag] mi<\/em> to make[tag resources presentstem_05] \u0645\u06cc\u062e\u0646\u062f [\/tag] mixand<\/em>. To these, add present tense personal endings as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
I<\/td>\nam<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources presentstem_06]\u0645\\\u0640\u0645[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
you<\/td>\nyi<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources presentstem_08]\u06cc\\\u0640\u06cc[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
he\/she<\/td>\nad<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources presentstem_10]\u062f\\\u0640\u062f[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
we<\/td>\nim<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources presentstem_07]\u06cc\u0645\\\u0640\u06cc\u0645[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
you<\/td>\nid<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources presentstem_09]\u06cc\u062f\\\u0640\u06cc\u062f[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
they<\/td>\nand<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources presentstem_11]\u0646\u062f\\\u0640\u0646\u062f[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Other verbs in this category include \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0646 and \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

For most verbs ending in andan<\/em>, remove an<\/em> from the infinitive and then add[tag resources presentstem_12] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag]to the beginning. For example, for the verb ‘to dig’, change the infinitive[tag resources presentstem_13] \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0646 [\/tag] kandan<\/em> to[tag resources presentstem_14] \u06a9\u0646\u062f [\/tag] kand<\/em> and then add[tag resources presentstem_15] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag]to make[tag resources presentstem_16] \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 [\/tag] mikan<\/em>. To this, add present tense personal endings. Other verbs in this category include \u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646, \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646, and \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n

For verbs, the final vowel of which before the infinitival ending is u<\/em>, remove udan<\/em> at the end of the infinitive and add ‘a’. Then add[tag resources presentstem_17] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag]to the beginning. For example, for the verb ‘to rob’, change the infinitive \u0631\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 robodan<\/em> to \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0628\u0627, then add the personal endings. Other verbs in this category include \u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0646 sotodan<\/em> ‘to admire’ and \u06af\u0634\u0648\u062f\u0646
\ngo\u0161udan<\/em> ‘to open’.<\/p>\n

For many verbs with the infinitival ending shidan<\/em>, remove shidan<\/em> and then add[tag resources presentstem_18] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag]to the beginning. For example, for the verb ‘to boil’, change the infinitive[tag resources presentstem_19] \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 [\/tag] ju\u0161idan<\/em> to[tag resources presentstem_20] \u062c\u0648\u0634 [\/tag] ju\u0161<\/em> and then add[tag resources presentstem_21] \u0645\u06cc [\/tag]to make[tag resources presentstem_21] \u0645\u06cc\u062c\u0648\u0634[\/tag] miju\u0161<\/em>. To this add present tense personal endings. Other verbs in this category include \u067e\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646, \u067e\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646, \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646, and \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Past and present stems of Persian verbs are different. Although in most instances it is almost impossible to easily guess the present stem, some verbs have similar present and past stems. The following can help in guessing and remembering some of the regularly predictable present stems. For most verbs ending in idan, remove the idan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":289,"featured_media":0,"parent":46,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-94","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/94","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/289"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/94\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4507,"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/94\/revisions\/4507"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}