{"id":109,"date":"2008-07-03T12:07:26","date_gmt":"2008-07-03T17:07:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/?page_id=109"},"modified":"2009-10-29T18:15:16","modified_gmt":"2009-10-30T00:15:16","slug":"complex-compound-verbs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/verbs\/complex-compound-verbs\/","title":{"rendered":"Complex & Compound Verbs"},"content":{"rendered":"

In Persian, compound verbs<\/strong> are constructed of a verb and a non-verbal element, such as a noun, verbal noun, compound noun, adjective, past stem, and preposition. Normally in this case the non-verbal element goes through a semantic mutation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
red<\/td>\nsorx<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs002] \u0633\u0631\u062e[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to blush; fry<\/td>\nsorx \u0161odan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs003]\u0633\u0631\u062e \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
head, tip<\/td>\nsar<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs004]\u0633\u0631[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to (pay a) visit; execution by severing the head<\/td>\nsar zadan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs005]\u0633\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

As in simple verbs, compound verbs also take the stress on the last syllable, in the infinitival form (as in,[tag resources complexcompound_01] \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag])
\nku\u0161e\u0161 karda\u05c0n<\/em>; but in finite compound forms, the stress falls on the last syllable of the non-verbal element:<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs007]\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0654 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f[\/tag]
\nhameye d\u0101ne\u0161juy\u0101n ku\u0161e\u05c0\u0161 kardand<\/em>
\n\u2018students all tried hard\u2019<\/h5>\n

In compound verbs the particles and prefixes (i.e., \u0645\u06cc, neg. \u0646, imp.\/subj. \u0628, etc.) always come before the verbal element of the compound; as in, <\/p>\n

\n \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645 never \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645
\n \u0646\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631never \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631
\n \u0628\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0646 never \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u06a9\u0646
\n<\/h5>\n

In this case the prefix or the verbal stem may take the stress, according to the context; as in, [tag resources ccverbs011]\u0633\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u062f [\/tag]sofre r\u0101 ba\u05c0r cidand<\/em>, or sofre r\u0101 bar \u010di\u05c0dand<\/em> \u2018they wrapped up the table\u2019, but in the negative the na- prefix takes the stress; as in,
\n[tag resources ccverbs012] \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u062f [\/tag]sofre r\u0101 bar na\u05c0cidand<\/em> \u2018they did not wrap the table up\u2019.<\/p>\n

In verbs with \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 it is normal to drop the imperative\/subjunctive \u0628; as in,[tag resources ccverbs013]\u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06a9\u0646[\/tag] instead of [tag resources ccverbs014]\u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0628\u06a9\u0646 [\/tag] and [tag resources ccverbs015]\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645[\/tag]instead of[tag resources ccverbs016] \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0628\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645, [\/tag]etc. (See the imperative and the subjunctive sections).<\/p>\n

Among the different Persian compound verbs, the majority have the verb \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 kardan<\/em> as the verbal member of the compound.<\/p>\n

Different kinds of compounds:<\/strong><\/p>\n

noun (\u0627\u0633\u0645) + infinitive (\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631):
\nThe noun may be of Persian origin or a loan word:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Persian:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to get, stand up<\/td>\np\u0101 \u0161odan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs017]\u067e\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to pay a visit<\/td>\nsar zadan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs018]\u0633\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to like, love<\/td>\ndust d\u0101\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs019]\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to get along (with)<\/td>\nken\u0101r \u0101madan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs020]\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Non-Persian:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to phone, call<\/td>\ntelefon kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs021]\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]\/[tag resources ccverbs022]\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0632\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to brake<\/td>\ntormoz kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs023]\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to need<\/td>\nl\u0101zem d\u0101\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs024]\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to accept<\/td>\nqabul kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs025]\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The noun may be any kind of grammatical noun, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
A verbal noun[tag resources ccverbs026] \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 [\/tag]<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
try; to toil<\/td>\nku\u0161e\u0161 kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs027]\u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to live<\/td>\nzendegi kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs028]\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to pay visit<\/td>\ndid\u0101r kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs029]\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

A compund noun[tag resources ccverbs030] \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0651\u0628:[\/tag]
\n[tag resources ccverbs031]\u06af\u0641\u062a\u06af\u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 [\/tag]got-o-gu kardan<\/em> \u2018to have a dialogue, converse\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
to search<\/td>\njost-o-ju kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs032]\u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to sweep<\/td>\nroft-o-ru kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs033]\u0631\u064f\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to establish<\/td>\nbar qar\u0101r d\u0101\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs034]\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Adjective (\u0635\u0641\u062a) + infinitive:
\nThe adjective may be simple or compound. Compound verbs with \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 kardan<\/em> as the verbal member of the compound are active and with \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0161odan<\/em> they are passive:<\/p>\n

Simple adjectives:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
to heal, recover<\/td>\nxub \u0161odan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs035]\u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to heal<\/td>\nxub kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs036]\u062e\u0648\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to blush; fry<\/td>\nsorx \u0161odan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs037]\u0633\u0631\u062e \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to fry<\/td>\nsorx kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs038]\u0633\u0631\u062e \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to hold insignificant, look down at<\/td>\nkucak \u0161omordan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs039]\u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0634\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to let go (in a quarrel)<\/td>\nkut\u0101h \u0101madan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs040]\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to emotionally hurt<\/td>\n\u0101zorde kardan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs041]\u0622\u0632\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

It should be understood that etymologically morphemes with [\u0101-] prefix are compounds, but in Modern Persian they are construed as being simple morphemes. For instance, such words as[tag resources ccverbs042] \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0646 [\/tag]\u0101farin \u2018praise (be upon thee), good job! bravo!\u2019 (< \u0101 + frin- \u2018to bless\u2019) are already taken as a simple morpheme as early as the Middle Persian period (Modern Persian [tag resources ccverbs042]\u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0646[\/tag]\u0101fr\u012bn<\/em> \u2018praise thee\u2019).<\/p>\n

Compound adjectives:<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs043]\u062f\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\ndelgarm \u0161odan<\/em>
\n\u2018to be encouraged\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs044]\u062e\u0648\u0634\u0628\u062e\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nxo\u0161baxt \u0161odan<\/em>
\n\u2018to prosper\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs045]\u0633\u0648\u06af\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nsugv\u0101r \u0161odan<\/em>
\n\u2018to become mournful\u2019<\/h5>\n

Past stem (\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc) + infinitive:<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs046]\u067e\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\npoxt kardan<\/em>
\n\u2018to bake, cook\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs047]\u062a\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nt\u0101xt zadan<\/em>
\n\u2018to charge a horse, gallop\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs048]\u0622\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\n\u0101mad d\u0101\u0161tan<\/em>
\n\u2018to bring good omen\/luck\u2019<\/h5>\n

Prepositions (\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647) + infinitive (complex verbs):
\nPrepositions are used extensively in the construction of complex verbs. The most common are as follows:<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs049]\u0628\u0627\u0632[\/tag]
\n\u0628\u0627\u0632 b\u0101z<\/em> \u2018again\u2019 may be compared with the English re- prefix; as in, \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0634\u0633\u062a\u0647 b\u0101zne\u0161aste<\/em> \u2018retired\u2019; b\u0101z ga\u0161tan<\/em> \u2018to return\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
to return<\/td>\nb\u0101z \u0101madan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs050]\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to stop, prevent<\/td>\nb\u0101z da\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs051]\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to return<\/td>\nb\u0101z ga\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs052]\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to relate (a story, etc.)<\/td>\nb\u0101z goftan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs053]\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

[tag resources ccverbs054]\u0628\u0631[\/tag]
\n\u0628\u0631 bar \u2018up, above, over\u2019 may be compared with the English \u2013up in \u201cto stand
\nup, pick up\u201d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
to rise up (as in the sun); swell<\/td>\nbar \u0101madan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs055]\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to topple, be abolished; cease to be in use<\/td>\nbar oft\u0101dan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs056]\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to ignite, kindle; provoke excite; to get angry<\/td>\nbar afroxtan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs057]\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to pick up (especially, piece-by-piece), wrap up<\/td>\nbar cidan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs058]\u0628\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to stand up, get up<\/td>\nbar x\u0101stan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs059]\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to pick up<\/td>\nbar d\u0101\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs060]\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
to count one-by-one<\/td>\nbar \u0161omordan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources ccverbs061]\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
[tag resources ccverbs062]\u062f\u0631[\/tag]
\ndar<\/em><\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs063]\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\ndar \u0101madan<\/em>
\n\u2018to get out\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs064]\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u062e\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\ndar \u0101mixtan<\/em>
\nvi., vt. \u2018to mix\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs065]\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0648\u06cc\u062e\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\ndar \u0101vixtan<\/em>
\nvi., vt. \u2018to hang\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs066]\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\ndar oft\u0101dan<\/em>
\n\u2018to engage oneself in quarrel with\u2026\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs067]\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\ndar picidan<\/em>
\n\u2018to muffle, entangle\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs068]\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\n\u2018dar navardidan<\/em>
\nto traverse, pass through\u2019<\/h5>\n

[tag resources ccverbs069]\u0641\u0631\u0627[\/tag]
\nfar\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs070]\u0641\u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nfar\u0101 x\u0101ndan<\/em>
\n\u2018to summon, call upon\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs071]\u0641\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nfar\u0101 residan<\/em>
\n\u2018to arrive (time)\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs072]\u0641\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\nfar\u0101 gereftan<\/em>
\n\u2018to learn\u2019<\/h5>\n

[tag resources ccverbs073]\u0641\u0631\u0648[\/tag]
\nforu<\/em><\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs074]\u0641\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nforu bordan<\/em>
\n\u2018to swallow; vt. submerge\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs075]\u0641\u0631\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\nforu raftan<\/em>
\nvi. \u2018to submerge\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs076]\u0641\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nforu ne\u0161\u0101ndan<\/em>
\n\u2018to extinguish, suppress, quell, quench (thirst)\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs077]\u0641\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nforu kardan<\/em>
\n\u2018to insert, thrust (into)\u2019<\/h5>\n

[tag resources ccverbs078]\u0648\u0631[\/tag]
\n\u0648\u0631 var is a variation of \u0628\u0631 ; but historically some compounds have been retained with one as opposed to the other. Normally the colloquial dialect opts for var-<\/em> vs. bar-<\/em>; as in, the colloquial \u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 vs. \u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 (which, however, a few speakers may still use). Also some expressions are constructed with one vs. the other, such as \u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u2018to fool around with, meddle with\u2019, which is pretty much constant among lay-persons as well as among the educated people.<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs079]\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nvar oft\u0101dan<\/em>
\n\u2018to summon, call upon\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs080]\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\nvar cidan<\/em>
\n\u2018to pick up (especially\u2014but not necessarily\u2014piece-by-piece)\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs081]\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\nvar d\u0101\u0161tan<\/em>
\n\u2018to pick up\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs082]\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646[\/tag]
\nvar raftan<\/em>
\n\u2018to meddle with, fool around with\u2019<\/h5>\n

Compound morpheme + infinitive:
\nIt is possible that the non-verbal element in its turn be a compound. In this case we might also be dealing with a sort of expression:<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs083]\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\naz bar kardan<\/em>
\n\u2018to learn by heart, memorize\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs084]\u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\naz p\u0101 oft\u0101dan<\/em>
\n\u2018to become too exhausted, lose one\u2019s strength\u2019<\/p>\n

[tag resources ccverbs085]\u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646[\/tag]
\naz p\u0101 dar \u0101madan<\/em>
\n\u2018to fall feeble (after a long resistance), \u201cgo down\u201d\u2019<\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In Persian, compound verbs are constructed of a verb and a non-verbal element, such as a noun, verbal noun, compound noun, adjective, past stem, and preposition. Normally in this case the non-verbal element goes through a semantic mutation: red sorx [tag resources ccverbs002] \u0633\u0631\u062e[\/tag] to blush; fry sorx \u0161odan [tag resources ccverbs003]\u0633\u0631\u062e \u0634\u062f\u0646[\/tag] head, tip […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":289,"featured_media":0,"parent":46,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-109","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/289"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109"}],"version-history":[{"count":59,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4493,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109\/revisions\/4493"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}