{"id":60,"date":"2008-06-26T16:40:56","date_gmt":"2008-06-26T21:40:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/?page_id=60"},"modified":"2009-05-04T11:01:33","modified_gmt":"2009-05-04T17:01:33","slug":"madd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/the-writing-system\/madd\/","title":{"rendered":"Madd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[tag resources Madd-1-06a]<em>Madd<\/em>[\/tag] (from the Arabic, <em>madda<\/em>) is a diacritic (symbol) placed over an initial (and very infrequently medial) <em>alef<\/em>, when it is vocalized (i.e., followed by the long vowel [<em>\u0101<\/em>])\u2014that is, the sequence [<em>a\u0101<\/em>].<\/p>\n<p>In authentic Persian words, <em>madd<\/em> occurs only initially; as in, [tag resources Madd-1-06b]<span class=\"persian-script\">\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f<\/span>[\/tag] <em>\u0101b\u0101d<\/em> \u2018flourishing, cultivated,\u2019 [tag resources Madd-1-07a]<span class=\"persian-script\">\u0622\u062a\u0634<\/span>[\/tag] <em>\u0101ta\u0161<\/em> \u2018fire,\u2019 etc.<\/p>\n<p>A medial or terminal [tag resources Madd-1-08a]<em>alef<\/em>[\/tag] is by default a long [<em>\u0101<\/em>], as in \u0628\u0627\u062f <em>b\u0101d<\/em> \u2018wind,\u2019 and, therefore, it does not take a <em>madd<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>In the Arabic loanwords the <em>madd<\/em> may occur medially as well; as in, [tag resources Madd-1-11a]<span class=\"persian-script\">\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/span>[\/tag] <em>qor\u0101n<\/em> (Arab. <em>Al-qur<\/em>\u2019<em>\u0101n<\/em>); [tag resources Madd-1-11b]<span class=\"persian-script\">\u0645\u0622\u0628<\/span>[\/tag] <em>ma<\/em>\u2019<em>\u0101b<\/em> \u2018having the manner of\u2019, normally used in compound adjectives, such as [tag resources Madd-1-12a]<span class=\"persian-script\">\u0641\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0622\u0628<\/span>[\/tag] <em>farangi ma<\/em>\u2019<em>\u0101b<\/em> \u2018having the manner of (or imitating) Europeans\/Westerners.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Sometimes in Persian <em>madd<\/em> is refered to as <em>kol\u0101h<\/em> \u2018head-gear.\u2019<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[tag resources Madd-1-06a]Madd[\/tag] (from the Arabic, madda) is a diacritic (symbol) placed over an initial (and very infrequently medial) alef, when it is vocalized (i.e., followed by the long vowel [\u0101])\u2014that is, the sequence [a\u0101]. In authentic Persian words, madd occurs only initially; as in, [tag resources Madd-1-06b]\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f[\/tag] \u0101b\u0101d \u2018flourishing, cultivated,\u2019 [tag resources Madd-1-07a]\u0622\u062a\u0634[\/tag] \u0101ta\u0161 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":289,"featured_media":0,"parent":53,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-60","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/289"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3857,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60\/revisions\/3857"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/53"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}