{"id":89,"date":"2008-07-03T10:26:23","date_gmt":"2008-07-03T15:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/?page_id=89"},"modified":"2009-04-12T17:44:01","modified_gmt":"2009-04-12T23:44:01","slug":"past-participle","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/verbs\/past-participle\/","title":{"rendered":"Past Participle"},"content":{"rendered":"

In order to construct the present perfect, past perfect, or the present perfect continuous, we first need to learn to construct the past participle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

In Persian, the past participle<\/strong> is constructed by the addition of an [-e] to the past stem of the verbs whether the verb is simple, complex, or compound:<\/p>\n

Past Participle<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
fallen<\/td>\noft\u0101de<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_01]\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
picked up<\/td>\nbard\u0101\u0161te <\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_02]\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
said<\/td>\ngofte<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_03]\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
seen<\/td>\ndide<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_04]\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
eaten<\/td>\nxorde <\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_05]\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lived<\/td>\nzendegi <\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_06]\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gone<\/td>\nrafte <\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_07]\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Past Stem<\/strong><\/p>\n

[tag resources pastparticiple_08]\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f – [\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastparticiple_09]\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0640 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastparticiple_10]\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0640 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastparticiple_11]\u062f\u06cc\u062f -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastparticiple_12]\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastparticiple_13]\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f – [\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastparticiple_14]\u0631\u0641\u062a -[\/tag]<\/h5>\n

Infinitive<\/strong><\/p>\n

[tag resources pastpart_01] \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastpart_02]\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0640\u0646 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastpart_03]\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0640\u0646 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastpart_04]\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastpart_05]\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 – [\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastpart_06]\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 -[\/tag]
\n[tag resources pastpart_07]\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646[\/tag]-<\/h5>\n

Numerous nouns and adjectives, as derivative of verbs, are constructed in this manner. Compare the following pairs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
to die<\/td>\nmordan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_22]\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dead<\/td>\nmorde<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_23]\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
[tag resources pastparticiple_24]\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0647[\/tag]
\nmard-e morde<\/em>, adjective
\n\u201cA\/the dead man.\u201d<\/p>\n

[tag resources pastparticiple_25]\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f[\/tag]
\nmorde r\u0101 \u0101vardand, n.
\n\u201cThey brought the dead\/the deceased.\u201d<\/h5>\n\n\n\n\n
to pass<\/td>\ngoza\u0161tan<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_26]\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0646[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
passed, bygone<\/td>\ngoza\u0161te<\/em><\/td>\n[tag resources pastparticiple_27]\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647[\/tag]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
[tag resources pastparticiple_28]\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647[\/tag]
\nruzg\u0101r-e goza\u0161te<\/em>, adjective
\n\u201cThe old days,\u201d literally, \u201cThe (by)gone times.\u201d<\/p>\n

[tag resources pastparticiple_29] !\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0646[\/tag]
\ngoza\u0161te r\u0101 far\u0101mu\u0161 kon!<\/em>, noun
\n\u201cForget the bygones\/past!\u201d<\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In order to construct the present perfect, past perfect, or the present perfect continuous, we first need to learn to construct the past participle. In Persian, the past participle is constructed by the addition of an [-e] to the past stem of the verbs whether the verb is simple, complex, or compound: Past Participle fallen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":289,"featured_media":0,"parent":46,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-89","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/289"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3357,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89\/revisions\/3357"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.la.utexas.edu\/persian_online_resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}