The imperative only deals with two subjects: the second person singular and the second person plural.

The normal construction of the imperative in Persian is by adding a [bé-] prefix to the present stem, as in بگو bégu! ‘say!’, بنشین bénešin! ‘sit!’, etc. For the plural, the second person plurarl ending is added as well, as in بگویید , بنشینید , etc. The [bé-] prefix always takes the primary stress, as in bé׀gu, bé׀nešin.

Vocalic Mutations. In certain phonetic contexts, the following vocalic mutations might take place in colloquial Persian:

When the [bé-] prefix is followed by an [-o-] in the following syllable, its vowel changes to /ó/:

گذاشتن
gozāštan
‘to put, let’:
!بگذار bégozār! > bógozār / bógzār

رفتن
raftan
‘to go’:
!برو béro! > bóro

گریختن
gorixtan
‘to flee’:
!بگریز bégoriz! > bógoriz / bógriz

When the [bé-] prefix is followed by an [-u-] in the following syllable, its vowel changes to /ú/:

گفتن
goftan
‘to say, tell’:
!بگو bégu! > búgu

پوشیدن
pušidan
‘to wear’:
!بپوش bépuš! > búpuš

خواندن
xāndan
‘to read, sing, recite’, colloquial xundan:
!بخون béxun! > búxun

When the [bé-] prefix is followed by an [-i-] in the following syllable, its vowel changes to /í/:

نشستن
nešastan
‘to sit’:
!بنشین bénešin! > bešin > bíšin

گرفتن
gereftan
‘to take, get’:
!بگیر bégir! > bígir

ریختن
rixtan
‘to pour, spill’:
!بریز bériz! > bíriz

Two verbs are basically irregular in Persian and in most phonetic contexts they behave differently than other verbs. These two verbs are بودن budan ‘to be’ and داشتن dāštan ‘to have’.

The imperative of budan takes the different verbal stem باش, which in its infinitival form ( باشیدن * * bāšidan) does not exist in New Persian any more. In the imperative, this verb does not take the [be-] prefix:

!باش
bāš!
‘be!’

!آدم باش
ādam bāš!
‘be a true human!’

!در همین اتاق باش٬ تا من برگردم
dar hamin otāq bāš tā man bar gardam!
‘be/stay in this room, until I return!’

The imperative of the verb dāštan is constructed with the past participle of this verb and the imperative of budan, that is, bāš, bāšid:

!این را داشته باش
in rā dāšte bāš!
‘have this; hold this’

!این مسأله را در نظرداشته باشید
in mas’ale rā dar nazar dāšte bāšid!
‘bear this in mind’

Note: If the verb داشتن is the verbal component of a complex verb, the verbal stem would be دار- as in, !بردار

The negative imperative (that is, preventive) takes a [ná-] prefix, which, like its affirmative counterpart, takes the primary stress, as in, ná׀ro ‘don’t go!’ ná׀nešin ‘don’t sit (down)!’:

نشستن
nešastan
‘to sit’:
!ننشین nánešin!

گرفتن
gereftan
‘to take, get’:
!نگیر nágir!

ریختن
rixtan
‘to pour, spill’:
!نریز náriz!

Note: In classical Persian the preventive prefix was [má-], which is still used mostly in formal versified material: مگو mágu ‘don’t say, tell’, منشین mánešin ‘don’t sit’, etc.

In formal spoken Persian, if the initial syllable of the present stem is an open syllable with [-e-] or [-o-] (that is Ce, Co), this vowel may optionally be dropped in both affirmative and negative imperative:

نشستن
nešastan‘to sit’:
بنشینید bénšinid , بنشین bénšin بنشینید bénešinid بنشین bénešin
ننشینید nánešinid, ننشین nánešin or ننشینید nánšinid ننشین nánšin

گذاشتن
gozāštan‘to put, let’
بگذارید bógozārid, بگذار bógozār or بگذارید bógzārid, بگذار bógzār
نگذارید nágozārid , نگذار nágozār or نگذارید nágzārid نگذار nágzār

فروختن
foruxtan ‘to sell’
(نفروش(ید náf(o)ruš(id) بفروشید béforušid, بفروش béforuš or بفروشید , béfrušid بفروش béfruš

گریختن
gorixtan ‘to flee’
(نگریز(ید nág(o)riz(id), بگریزید bógorizid, بگریز bógoriz or بگریزید bógrizid, بگریز bógriz

In Colloquial Persian, the initial syllable of the stem is sometimes dropped بزار bézār, بزارید bézārid; بگذار bégozār, بگذارید bégozārid, بشین béšin, بشینید bešinid, بنشین bénešin, بشینید bénešinid unless the word is too formal, in which case it is used reservedly, as in بگذارید bégzarid or بگذارید bógzarid ‘pass! let it go! let it alone!’ گذشتن gozaštan ‘to pass’.

If the vowel of the initial syllable of the stem is a or ā, that syllable is retained, as in, ببر bébar, ببرید bébarid ‘take away! carry away! win! (in a game)’; بباز bébāz, ببازید bébāzid ‘lose! (especially in a game)’; بکار békār, بکارید békārid ‘plant! sow!’, etc.

If the initial sound of the verbal stem is a or ā (that is, aC, āC), an euphonic y intervenes between the [bé-] and [ná-] prefix. Then, the é of the affirmative prefix assimilates into the y and the á of the preventive become an open front a:

آمدن
āmadan
‘to come’:
!بیا
biyā!,
!نیا
nayā!

آوردن
āvardan
‘to bring’:
!بیاور
biyāvar!,
!نیاور
nayāvar!

افتادن
oftādan
‘to fall (down)’:
!بیفت
biyoft!,
!نیفت
nayoft!

انداختن
andāxtan
‘to throw, toss’:
!بیانداز
biyandāz!,
!نیانداز
nayandāz!

In compound verbs, the imperative and preventive prefixes are infixed before the verbal component of the compounds and the non-verbal element is left untouched. The primary stress still falls on the [bé-], [ná-] prefix:

در زدن
dar zadan
‘to knock at the door’:
!در بزن
dar bézan!
!در نزن
dar názan!

غصّه خوردن
γosse xordan
‘to grieve, be sad’:
غصّه بخور
γosse béxor! náxor!

کوتاه آمدن
kutāh āmadan
‘to let go (in a quarrel)’:
!کوتاه بیا
kutāh biyā!, nayā!

The majority of the compound verbs in Persian have کردن as the verbal component of the compound. Normally verbs with کردن, شدن, do not take the [bé-] prefix, however, it is optional. With the rest of the compound verbs, the [bé-] prefix is used (and the euphonic rules are applied), especially in emphatic cases:

باز کردن
bāz kardan
‘to open’:
!در را باز کن
dar rā bāz kon!
!باز بکن
bāz békon!/bókon!

گریه کردن
garye kardan
‘to cry’:
! گریه کن
garye kon!
!گریه بکن
garye békon!/bókon!

بیدار شدن
bidār šodan
‘to wake up’:
!بیدار شو
bidār šo!
!بیدار بشو
bidār béšo!/bóšo!

گم شدن
gom šodan
‘to get lost’:
!گم شو
gom šo!
!گم بشو
gom béšo!/bóšo!

Compound verbs with داشتن dāštan also do not take the [bé-] prefix; and just like the simple verb dāštan, they use the participial form plus the imperatives bāš and bāšid:

به خاطر داشتن
be xāter dāštan
‘to remember, bear in mind’

!این را به خاطر داشته باش
in rā be xāter dāšte bāš
‘bear this in mind!’

دوست داشتن
dust dāštan
‘to love, like’

!آن را دوست داشته باش
ān rā dust dāšte bāš
‘like that!’

!او را دوست داشته باش
u rā dust dāšte bāš
‘like him/her!’

In complex verbs with بر- bar- (and its variation ور- var-) prefix, normally the [bé-] prefix is not used. Unlike the simple and compound verbs, complex verbs with dāštan take the different stem دار- dār-.:

(برداشتن (ورداشتن
bar-dāštan
‘to pick up, lift’:
بردار \ وردار
bar-dār/var-dār!

(برچیدن (ورچیدن
bar-čidan
‘to pick or gather’ (as in birds picking seeds off the ground):
برچین \ ورچین
bar-čin/var-čin!