In the present perfect, the participial ending [-e] is assimilated into the initial /a/ vowel of the personal endings and the stress is removed from the participial ending and placed upon the vowel of the personal ending:
I have gone. | rafte|-am | رفته ام | rafta|m | رفتم |
You have said. | gofe|-yi | گفته ای | goft|i | گفتی |
He/she/it has seen. | dide|-ast | دیده است | did|e | دیده |
We have heard. | šanide|-im | شنیده ایم | šenidi|m | شیندیم |
You have passed. | gozašte|-id | گذشته اید | gozašti|d | گذشتید |
They have taken; they have won. | borde|-and | برده اند | borda|nd | بردند |
With the exception of the third person singular and the placement of the stress, these colloquial forms resemble the simple past tense. Compare and contrast the following verbs:
I have gone | rafta|m | رفتم | I went | ra|ftam | رفتم |
you have said | goft|i | گفتی | you said | go|fti | گفتی |
he/she/it has seen | did|e | دیده | he/she/it saw | di|d | دید |
we have heard | šanidi|m | شنیدیم | we heard | šeni|dim | شنیدیم |
you have passed. | gozāšti|d | گذشتید | past, you passed | gozā|štid | گذشتید |
they have taken; won | borda|nd | بردند | they took (away); they won | bo|rdand | بردند |