Persian Online – Grammar & Resources

In the present perfect, the participial ending [-e] is assimilated into the initial /a/ vowel of the personal endings and the stress is removed from the participial ending and placed upon the vowel of the personal ending:

I have gone.	rafte^\|-am	[tag resources diglossia06001] رفته ام[/tag]	rafta^\|m	[tag resources diglossia06002] رفتم[/tag]
You have said.	gofe^\|-yi	[tag resources diglossia06003]گفته ای[/tag]	goft^\|i	[tag resources diglossia06004]گفتی[/tag]
He/she/it has seen.	dide^\|-ast	[tag resources diglossia06005]دیده است[/tag]	did^\|e	[tag resources diglossia06006]دیده[/tag]
We have heard.	šanide^\|-im	[tag resources diglossia06007]شنیده ایم[/tag]	šenidi^\|m	[tag resources diglossia06008]شیندیم[/tag]
You have passed.	gozašte^\|-id	[tag resources diglossia06009]گذشته اید[/tag]	gozašti^\|d	[tag resources diglossia06010]گذشتید[/tag]
They have taken; they have won.	borde^\|-and	[tag resources diglossia06011]برده اند[/tag]	borda^\|nd	[tag resources diglossia06012]بردند[/tag]

With the exception of the third person singular and the placement of the stress, these colloquial forms resemble the simple past tense. Compare and contrast the following verbs:

I have gone	rafta^\|m	[tag resources diglossia06013]رفتم[/tag]	I went	ra^\|ftam	[tag resources diglossia06014]رفتم[/tag]
you have said	goft^\|i	[tag resources diglossia06015]گفتی[/tag]	you said	go^\|fti	[tag resources diglossia06016]گفتی[/tag]
he/she/it has seen	did^\|e	[tag resources diglossia06017]دیده[/tag]	he/she/it saw	di^\|d	[tag resources diglossia06018]دید[/tag]
we have heard	šanidi^\|m	[tag resources diglossia06019]شنیدیم[/tag]	we heard	šeni^\|dim	[tag resources diglossia06020]شنیدیم[/tag]
you have passed.	gozāšti^\|d	[tag resources diglossia06021]گذشتید[/tag]	past, you passed	gozā^\|štid	[tag resources diglossia06022]گذشتید[/tag]
they have taken; won	borda^\|nd	[tag resources diglossia06023]بردند[/tag]	they took (away); they won	bo^\|rdand	[tag resources diglossia06024]بردند[/tag]