Diglossia Rules

In Persian, written or spoken, the pronominal enclitics for possessive and objective cases are the same. There are two sets, one is postconsonantal and the other, postvocalic, as follows:

The same set is used with the plural suffix , which by default ends in a vowel. (Since a plural enclitic is only infixed at a noun, here verbs are not relevant.):

Normally the [-h-] of the plural enclitic is dropped in the colloquial dialect. If the sound before the [-h-] is a vowel a glide (hiatus) occurs, as follows:

my children bacce͡ām بچّه ام our children bacce͡āmun بچّه امون
singular your children bacce͡āt بچّه ات plural your children bacce͡ātun بچّه اتون
his/her/its children bacce͡āš بچّه اش their children bacce͡āšun بچّه اشون

If the sound preceding the [-h-] is a consonant, naturally the glide does not occur; for example:

my books ketābām کتابم our books ketābāmun کتابمون
singular your books ketābāt کتابت plural your books ketābātun کتابتون
his/her/its books ketābāš کتابش their books ketābāšun کتابشون
my children baccehām بچّه م our children baccehāmun بچّه مون
singular your children baccehāt بچّه ت plural your children baccehātun بچّه تون
his/her/its children baccehāš بچّه ش thier children baccehāšun بچّه شون

The second person singular and plural objective case cannot exist. (That is to say, we can never have to zadit, to zaditun ‘you hit you’.) The reflexive has a different construction, using xod ‘self’, with the personal suffixes (-am, –at, –, –emān, –etān, –ešān, colloq. –am, –et, –, –emun, –etun, –ešun); as in to xodat rā zadi ‘you hit yourself’, etc.

In the case of nouns with a terminal [-e], the enclitics in written Persian are:

am -(a)mān bacceam بچّه ام bacce(a)mān بچّه امان
at -(a)tān bacceat بچّه ات bacce(a)tān بچّه اتان
-(a)šān bacce بچّه اش bacce(a)šān بچّه اشان

In spoken Persian, the final [-e] of the noun is assimilated into the initial [a-] of the enclitics, which also takes the stress; as follows:

bacca|m بچّه هام bacca|mun بچّه هامون
bacca|t بچّه هات bacca|tun بچّه هاتون
bacca|š بچّه هاش bacca|šun بچّه هاشون