Persian Online – Grammar & Resources

In the present perfect, the participial ending [-e] is assimilated into the initial /a/ vowel of the personal endings and the stress is removed from the participial ending and placed upon the vowel of the personal ending:

I have gone.	rafte^\|-am	رفته ام	rafta^\|m	رفتم
You have said.	gofe^\|-yi	گفته ای	goft^\|i	گفتی
He/she/it has seen.	dide^\|-ast	دیده است	did^\|e	دیده
We have heard.	šanide^\|-im	شنیده ایم	šenidi^\|m	شیندیم
You have passed.	gozašte^\|-id	گذشته اید	gozašti^\|d	گذشتید
They have taken; they have won.	borde^\|-and	برده اند	borda^\|nd	بردند

With the exception of the third person singular and the placement of the stress, these colloquial forms resemble the simple past tense. Compare and contrast the following verbs:

I have gone	rafta^\|m	رفتم	I went	ra^\|ftam	رفتم
you have said	goft^\|i	گفتی	you said	go^\|fti	گفتی
he/she/it has seen	did^\|e	دیده	he/she/it saw	di^\|d	دید
we have heard	šanidi^\|m	شنیدیم	we heard	šeni^\|dim	شنیدیم
you have passed.	gozāšti^\|d	گذشتید	past, you passed	gozā^\|štid	گذشتید
they have taken; won	borda^\|nd	بردند	they took (away); they won	bo^\|rdand	بردند