Diglossia Rules

In Persian, written or spoken, the pronominal enclitics for possessive and objective cases are the same. There are two sets, one is postconsonantal and the other, postvocalic, as follows:

The same set is used with the plural suffix , which by default ends in a vowel. (Since a plural enclitic is only infixed at a noun, here verbs are not relevant.):

Normally the [-h-] of the plural enclitic is dropped in the colloquial dialect. If the sound before the [-h-] is a vowel a glide (hiatus) occurs, as follows:

my children bacce͡ām [tag resources diglossia14029]بچّه ام[/tag] our children bacce͡āmun [tag resources diglossia14030]بچّه امون[/tag]
singular your children bacce͡āt [tag resources diglossia14031]بچّه ات[/tag] plural your children bacce͡ātun [tag resources diglossia14032]بچّه اتون[/tag]
his/her/its children bacce͡āš [tag resources diglossia14033]بچّه اش[/tag] their children bacce͡āšun [tag resources diglossia14034]بچّه اشون[/tag]

If the sound preceding the [-h-] is a consonant, naturally the glide does not occur; for example:

my books ketābām [tag resources diglossia14001]کتابم[/tag] our books ketābāmun [tag resources diglossia14003]کتابمون[/tag]
singular your books ketābāt [tag resources diglossia14005]کتابت[/tag] plural your books ketābātun [tag resources diglossia14007]کتابتون[/tag]
his/her/its books ketābāš [tag resources diglossia14009]کتابش[/tag] their books ketābāšun [tag resources diglossia14011]کتابشون[/tag]
my children baccehām [tag resources diglossia14023]بچّه م[/tag] our children baccehāmun [tag resources diglossia14024]بچّه مون[/tag]
singular your children baccehāt [tag resources diglossia14025]بچّه ت[/tag] plural your children baccehātun [tag resources diglossia14026]بچّه تون[/tag]
his/her/its children baccehāš [tag resources diglossia14027]بچّه ش[/tag] thier children baccehāšun [tag resources diglossia14028]بچّه شون[/tag]

The second person singular and plural objective case cannot exist. (That is to say, we can never have to zadit, to zaditun ‘you hit you’.) The reflexive has a different construction, using xod ‘self’, with the personal suffixes (-am, –at, –, –emān, –etān, –ešān, colloq. –am, –et, –, –emun, –etun, –ešun); as in to xodat rā zadi ‘you hit yourself’, etc.

In the case of nouns with a terminal [-e], the enclitics in written Persian are:

am -(a)mān bacceam [tag resources diglossia14042]بچّه ام[/tag] bacce(a)mān [tag resources diglossia14043]بچّه امان[/tag]
at -(a)tān bacceat [tag resources diglossia14044]بچّه ات[/tag] bacce(a)tān [tag resources diglossia14045]بچّه اتان[/tag]
-(a)šān bacce [tag resources diglossia14046]بچّه اش[/tag] bacce(a)šān [tag resources diglossia14047]بچّه اشان[/tag]

In spoken Persian, the final [-e] of the noun is assimilated into [tag resources diglossia5001]the [/tag]initial [a-] of the enclitics, which also takes the stress; as follows:

bacca|m [tag resources diglossia14048]بچّه هام[/tag] bacca|mun [tag resources diglossia14049]بچّه هامون [/tag]
bacca|t [tag resources diglossia14050]بچّه هات[/tag] bacca|tun [tag resources diglossia14051]بچّه هاتون[/tag]
bacca|š [tag resources diglossia14052]بچّه هاش[/tag] bacca|šun [tag resources diglossia14053]بچّه هاشون[/tag]