Diglossia Rules

In spoken Persian the numbers also undergo some modifications as well:

one yek یک ye یه
four cahār چهار cār چار
six šeš شش šiš شیش
fourteen cahārdah چهارده cārda: چاردَ
fifteen pānzdah پانزده punza: پونزَ
sixteen šānzdah شانزده šunza: شونزَ
seventeen hefdah هفده hivda: هیودَ
eighteen hejdah هجده hižda: هیژدَ
fourty cehel چهل cel چل
fifty panjāh پنجاه panjā: پنجا
sixty šast شصت šas شص

Although technically yek ‘a, one’ and the indefinite ی ‘a’ cannot be used together with the same noun, in spoken Persian they are always used together in dependant clauses; for example, یه مردی بود ye mard-i bud… ‘there was a man…’ (very sporadically ye mard bud; but never mard-i bud), یه کتابی خریدم ye ketāb-i xaridam… ‘I bought a book…’, etc. In poetry occasionally this occurs because of the timing of the verse. For instance, in the following distich, Mowlānā Jalāl ud-Din Balkhi (aka Rumi), instead of یک شبان yek šabān has used یک شبانی yek šabān-i; because شبان šabān is disyllabic while he needed a trisyllabic word:
did musā yek šabāni rā be rāh دید موسی یک شبانی را به راه

‘once Moses saw a shepherd on the/his way’

Although Persian does not have a definite article of any sort, and a noun is only syntactically introduced as definite, the spoken Persian has an [-e] enclitic, which functions as a definite article. This [-e] takes the stress:

mard-e| مردیthe man’
ketāb-e| kojās? کتابه کجاست؟ ‘where is the book?’
māšin-e| ro xaridam ماشین رو خریدم ‘I bought the car’ (Tehrani, māšinaro xaridam)

(Note: In the Persic dialects, such as Shirazi, Bushehri, etc., this definite enclitic is [-u], which just like its Standard Persian counterpart, takes the stress; as in مردو mardu|, زنو zanu|, کتابو ketābu|, ‘the man,’ ‘the woman,’ ‘the book,’ etc.)