In Persian, written or spoken, the pronominal enclitics for possessive and objective cases are the same. There are two sets, one is postconsonantal and the other, postvocalic, as follows:
The same set is used with the plural suffix hā, which by default ends in a vowel. (Since a plural enclitic is only infixed at a noun, here verbs are not relevant.):
Normally the [-h-] of the plural enclitic is dropped in the colloquial dialect. If the sound before the [-h-] is a vowel a glide (hiatus) occurs, as follows:
my children | bacce͡ām | بچّه ام | our children | bacce͡āmun | بچّه امون |
singular your children | bacce͡āt | بچّه ات | plural your children | bacce͡ātun | بچّه اتون |
his/her/its children | bacce͡āš | بچّه اش | their children | bacce͡āšun | بچّه اشون |
If the sound preceding the [-h-] is a consonant, naturally the glide does not occur; for example:
my books | ketābām | کتابم | our books | ketābāmun | کتابمون |
singular your books | ketābāt | کتابت | plural your books | ketābātun | کتابتون |
his/her/its books | ketābāš | کتابش | their books | ketābāšun | کتابشون |
my children | baccehām | بچّه م | our children | baccehāmun | بچّه مون |
singular your children | baccehāt | بچّه ت | plural your children | baccehātun | بچّه تون |
his/her/its children | baccehāš | بچّه ش | thier children | baccehāšun | بچّه شون |
The second person singular and plural objective case cannot exist. (That is to say, we can never have to zadit, to zaditun ‘you hit you’.) The reflexive has a different construction, using xod ‘self’, with the personal suffixes (-am, –at, –aš, –emān, –etān, –ešān, colloq. –am, –et, –eš, –emun, –etun, –ešun); as in to xodat rā zadi ‘you hit yourself’, etc.
In the case of nouns with a terminal [-e], the enclitics in written Persian are:
–am | -(a)mān | bacceam | بچّه ام | bacce(a)mān | بچّه امان |
–at | -(a)tān | bacceat | بچّه ات | bacce(a)tān | بچّه اتان |
–aš | -(a)šān | bacceaš | بچّه اش | bacce(a)šān | بچّه اشان |
In spoken Persian, the final [-e] of the noun is assimilated into the initial [a-] of the enclitics, which also takes the stress; as follows:
bacca|m | بچّه هام | bacca|mun | بچّه هامون |
bacca|t | بچّه هات | bacca|tun | بچّه هاتون |
bacca|š | بچّه هاش | bacca|šun | بچّه هاشون |